Biodegradability of fractions of dissolved organic carbon leached from decomposing leaf litter.
Identifieur interne : 004098 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004097; suivant : 004099Biodegradability of fractions of dissolved organic carbon leached from decomposing leaf litter.
Auteurs : Robert G. Qualls [États-Unis]Source :
- Environmental science & technology [ 0013-936X ] ; 2005.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
- chemical , metabolism : Carbon, Organic Chemicals.
- metabolism : Plant Leaves, Populus.
- Biodegradation, Environmental, Refuse Disposal, Soil Microbiology, Solubility, Time Factors.
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter leached from decomposing organic matter is important in the leaching of nutrients from the root zone of ecosystems, eluviation of metals, and transport of hydrophobic pollutants. The objective of this study was to compare microbial mineralization rates in intact soil cores of various fractions of water-soluble dissolved organic matter. Uniformly 14C-labeled Populus fremontii leaf litter that had decomposed for 1 year was extracted in water and this extract was fractionated into phenolic, humic acid, fulvic acid, hydrophilic acid, and hydrophilic neutral fractions. Fulvic acid comprised 42.1% of C in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) extracted from the litter. These fractions were added to intact cores of soil or sand, and respired 14CO2 was collected. The percentage of labeled substrate C mineralized in soil at the end of 1 year was, in order from least to greatest, hydrophilic acid (30.5), fulvic acid (33.8), humic acid (39.0), whole, unfractionated DOC (43.5), unseparated hydrophilic acid and neutral (44.7), phenolic (63.3), glucose (66.4), and hydrophilic neutral (70.2). In acid-washed nutrient-amended sand that was inoculated with soil microbes, mineralization rates of fulvic acid and glucose were lower. The fractionation appeared to separate the DOC into components with widely different rates of mineralization. Results also supported the ideas that the dissolved humic substance and hydrophilic acid fractions are inherently difficult for microbes to mineralize, and this property can contribute to movement of refractory C in soil and into aquatic ecosystems.
DOI: 10.1021/es049090o
PubMed: 15819217
Affiliations:
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Qualls</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA. qualls@unr.edu</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nevada 89557</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><date when="2005">2005</date><idno type="RBID">pubmed:15819217</idno><idno type="pmid">15819217</idno><idno type="doi">10.1021/es049090o</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Corpus">004087</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">004087</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">004087</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Main" wicri:step="Curation">004087</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">004087</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en">Biodegradability of fractions of dissolved organic carbon leached from decomposing leaf litter.</title><author><name sortKey="Qualls, Robert G" sort="Qualls, Robert G" uniqKey="Qualls R" first="Robert G" last="Qualls">Robert G. Qualls</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA. qualls@unr.edu</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nevada 89557</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Environmental science & technology</title><idno type="ISSN">0013-936X</idno><imprint><date when="2005" type="published">2005</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Biodegradation, Environmental (MeSH)</term><term>Carbon (metabolism)</term><term>Organic Chemicals (metabolism)</term><term>Plant Leaves (metabolism)</term><term>Populus (metabolism)</term><term>Refuse Disposal (MeSH)</term><term>Soil Microbiology (MeSH)</term><term>Solubility (MeSH)</term><term>Time Factors (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Carbone (métabolisme)</term><term>Composés chimiques organiques (métabolisme)</term><term>Dépollution biologique de l'environnement (MeSH)</term><term>Facteurs temps (MeSH)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (métabolisme)</term><term>Microbiologie du sol (MeSH)</term><term>Populus (métabolisme)</term><term>Solubilité (MeSH)</term><term>Élimination des déchets (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Carbon</term><term>Organic Chemicals</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="metabolism" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Leaves</term><term>Populus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="métabolisme" xml:lang="fr"><term>Carbone</term><term>Composés chimiques organiques</term><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Populus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Biodegradation, Environmental</term><term>Refuse Disposal</term><term>Soil Microbiology</term><term>Solubility</term><term>Time Factors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Dépollution biologique de l'environnement</term><term>Facteurs temps</term><term>Microbiologie du sol</term><term>Solubilité</term><term>Élimination des déchets</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Dissolved organic matter leached from decomposing organic matter is important in the leaching of nutrients from the root zone of ecosystems, eluviation of metals, and transport of hydrophobic pollutants. The objective of this study was to compare microbial mineralization rates in intact soil cores of various fractions of water-soluble dissolved organic matter. Uniformly 14C-labeled Populus fremontii leaf litter that had decomposed for 1 year was extracted in water and this extract was fractionated into phenolic, humic acid, fulvic acid, hydrophilic acid, and hydrophilic neutral fractions. Fulvic acid comprised 42.1% of C in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) extracted from the litter. These fractions were added to intact cores of soil or sand, and respired 14CO2 was collected. The percentage of labeled substrate C mineralized in soil at the end of 1 year was, in order from least to greatest, hydrophilic acid (30.5), fulvic acid (33.8), humic acid (39.0), whole, unfractionated DOC (43.5), unseparated hydrophilic acid and neutral (44.7), phenolic (63.3), glucose (66.4), and hydrophilic neutral (70.2). In acid-washed nutrient-amended sand that was inoculated with soil microbes, mineralization rates of fulvic acid and glucose were lower. The fractionation appeared to separate the DOC into components with widely different rates of mineralization. Results also supported the ideas that the dissolved humic substance and hydrophilic acid fractions are inherently difficult for microbes to mineralize, and this property can contribute to movement of refractory C in soil and into aquatic ecosystems.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">15819217</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2005</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>25</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>15</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">0013-936X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>39</Volume><Issue>6</Issue><PubDate><Year>2005</Year><Month>Mar</Month><Day>15</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Environmental science & technology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Environ Sci Technol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Biodegradability of fractions of dissolved organic carbon leached from decomposing leaf litter.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>1616-22</MedlinePgn></Pagination><Abstract><AbstractText>Dissolved organic matter leached from decomposing organic matter is important in the leaching of nutrients from the root zone of ecosystems, eluviation of metals, and transport of hydrophobic pollutants. The objective of this study was to compare microbial mineralization rates in intact soil cores of various fractions of water-soluble dissolved organic matter. Uniformly 14C-labeled Populus fremontii leaf litter that had decomposed for 1 year was extracted in water and this extract was fractionated into phenolic, humic acid, fulvic acid, hydrophilic acid, and hydrophilic neutral fractions. Fulvic acid comprised 42.1% of C in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) extracted from the litter. These fractions were added to intact cores of soil or sand, and respired 14CO2 was collected. The percentage of labeled substrate C mineralized in soil at the end of 1 year was, in order from least to greatest, hydrophilic acid (30.5), fulvic acid (33.8), humic acid (39.0), whole, unfractionated DOC (43.5), unseparated hydrophilic acid and neutral (44.7), phenolic (63.3), glucose (66.4), and hydrophilic neutral (70.2). In acid-washed nutrient-amended sand that was inoculated with soil microbes, mineralization rates of fulvic acid and glucose were lower. The fractionation appeared to separate the DOC into components with widely different rates of mineralization. Results also supported the ideas that the dissolved humic substance and hydrophilic acid fractions are inherently difficult for microbes to mineralize, and this property can contribute to movement of refractory C in soil and into aquatic ecosystems.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Qualls</LastName><ForeName>Robert G</ForeName><Initials>RG</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA. qualls@unr.edu</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013486">Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>United States</Country><MedlineTA>Environ Sci Technol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>0213155</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0013-936X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><ChemicalList><Chemical><RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D009930">Organic Chemicals</NameOfSubstance></Chemical><Chemical><RegistryNumber>7440-44-0</RegistryNumber><NameOfSubstance UI="D002244">Carbon</NameOfSubstance></Chemical></ChemicalList><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D001673" MajorTopicYN="N">Biodegradation, Environmental</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002244" MajorTopicYN="N">Carbon</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D009930" MajorTopicYN="N">Organic Chemicals</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018515" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Leaves</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="Y">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032107" MajorTopicYN="N">Populus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000378" MajorTopicYN="N">metabolism</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012037" MajorTopicYN="Y">Refuse Disposal</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012988" MajorTopicYN="N">Soil Microbiology</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D012995" MajorTopicYN="N">Solubility</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D013997" MajorTopicYN="N">Time Factors</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2005</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>9</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2005</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>26</Day><Hour>9</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2005</Year><Month>4</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>9</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">15819217</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1021/es049090o</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Qualls, Robert G" sort="Qualls, Robert G" uniqKey="Qualls R" first="Robert G" last="Qualls">Robert G. 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